造成岩石圈與軟流圈交界處上下之間的差異，可能源自於「水」這種東西的存在。
詳細內容請見:從岩石圈到軟流圈
a, The experimental determination of the vapour-saturated solidus of HZ1 lherzolite composition. The solidus is consistent with earlier work, and our experimental study shows that the inference of much lower solidus temperatures15 (as illustrated) results from misinterpretation of vapour-phase quench as quenched silicate melt. The dehydration solidus—the solidus for pargasite lherzolite without excess water—is also shown, as is a schematic oceanic geotherm which passes through the dehydration solidus at about 90 km, 1,070 °C. b, The experimentally determined water-storage capacity of HZ1 lherzolite along the solidus to more than 4 GPa. We illustrate the sharp reduction in water-storage capacity along the solidus from high values (to 0.5 wt%) in the uppermost mantle, where pargasite is stable, to much lower capacities (approximately 0.02 wt%) in NAMs at 3–4 GPa.
資料來源：
Green, D. H., William O. Hibberson, István Kovács& Anja Rosenthal, 2010, Water and its influence on the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary, Nature, V467, P448–451.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v467/n7314/full/nature09369.html